Tuesday, January 25, 2011

Peanut, groundnut (Arachis hypogaea)

A relative of a bean family, Peanut was domesticated around 5000 BC in Peru. Today, 115 countries are growing peanuts commercially. In 2009, world production was 35 520 257 tonnes, leaving an average Earthling with 5.2  kg of peanuts to munch on. Assuming 60% edibility, that is enough to last you over 9 days at 2000 calories a day.
World harvest of 2009 could feed 166.4 million people at 2000 calories a day, or  entire populations of Nigeria and Austria combined. World's peanuts have enough protein to supply 292 mln people with 50 grams a day.
23 507 014 hectares , or over 1.49% of all arable land in the world, were used for peanut production in 2009, a territory similar in size with Laos.
Biggest producer in the world is China, with 13 341 075 tons produced in 2009.
Biggest producer per Capita is Senegal with 80.2 kg produced in 2009.  Senegal and  many other countries of West Africa, where peanut consumption is substantial,  have a somewhat  significantly elevated rates of liver cancer, which many  link to a high peanut consumption, so be careful.
 Almost 44 % of all arable land of Senegal is used for peanut production. Peanuts constitute up to 60% of all agricultural exports from Senegal , 3/4 of which is in form of peanut oil.
Best yields worldwide since 1961 were in 2007 (1689.2 kg/ha), worst were in 1965 (881.8 kg/ha)
Record yield belongs to Cyprus, 12297.2kg/ha (1999).
Best crop  worldwide since 1961 was in 2008 (38 216 299 t), worst --14 134 052 t in 1961.


List of all articles at Ironrye:
 http://ironrye.blogspot.com/2011/10/list-of-all-articles-at-iron-rye.html


Peanut prices in USA:   January 19, 2011
      * $549.54 per ton for Runner peanuts
      * $541.68 per ton for Spanish peanuts
      * $553.06 per ton for Valencia peanuts
      * $553.06 per ton for Virginia peanuts


World crop is about  $15 billion worth .
Production, by country,                                          2007                  2008                2009                                                                                                                               
Algeria
Groundnuts, with shell
331932223057
Angola
Groundnuts, with shell
6666091925110828
Argentina
Groundnuts, with shell
600035625349605491
Australia
Groundnuts, with shell
1758717587F 19346
Bangladesh
Groundnuts, with shell
4591044268
M
Barbados
Groundnuts, with shell
23F 25F 25F
Belize
Groundnuts, with shell
989963
Benin
Groundnuts, with shell
114460115562
M
Bolivia (Plurinational State of)
Groundnuts, with shell
139001376914084
Botswana
Groundnuts, with shell
600F 600F
M
Brazil
Groundnuts, with shell
263440312802292781
Bulgaria
Groundnuts, with shell
7000* 7000*
M
Burkina Faso
Groundnuts, with shell
244922300000*
M
Burundi
Groundnuts, with shell
9500F 9500F
M
Cambodia
Groundnuts, with shell
3000025470
M
Cameroon
Groundnuts, with shell
160000* 160000* 160000F
Cape Verde
Groundnuts, with shell

M
M
M
Central African Republic
Groundnuts, with shell
156374159501162691
Chad
Groundnuts, with shell
222276403210
M
China
Groundnuts, with shell
130793631434107513341075*
Colombia
Groundnuts, with shell
258626343852
Comoros
Groundnuts, with shell
900F 900F 900F
Congo
Groundnuts, with shell
23000F 23000F
M
Costa Rica
Groundnuts, with shell
225F 225F
M
Côte d'Ivoire
Groundnuts, with shell
6925649885
M
Cuba
Groundnuts, with shell
10000F 10000F
M
Cyprus
Groundnuts, with shell
910269272
Democratic Republic of the Congo
Groundnuts, with shell
369370370000
M
Dominican Republic
Groundnuts, with shell
31472392
M
Ecuador
Groundnuts, with shell
17000F 17000F
M
Egypt
Groundnuts, with shell
217580208835
M
Eritrea
Groundnuts, with shell
63276327F
M
Ethiopia
Groundnuts, with shell
5108044685
M
Fiji
Groundnuts, with shell
300F 300F
M
Gabon
Groundnuts, with shell
18000F 18000F 18000F
Gambia
Groundnuts, with shell
72557109641121950
Georgia
Groundnuts, with shell
2323F
M
Ghana
Groundnuts, with shell
301770470100485100
Greece
Groundnuts, with shell
15161500F 1500F
Guatemala
Groundnuts, with shell
1700F 1700F
M
Guinea
Groundnuts, with shell
304805315107
M
Guinea-Bissau
Groundnuts, with shell
2470929651
M
Guyana
Groundnuts, with shell
1900F 1900F
M
Haiti
Groundnuts, with shell
2700026000
M
Honduras
Groundnuts, with shell
80F 80F
M
Hungary
Groundnuts, with shell
31015
India
Groundnuts, with shell
918250071680005525000
Indonesia
Groundnuts, with shell
1384400773797777888
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Groundnuts, with shell
3600F 3600F
M
Iraq
Groundnuts, with shell
2000F 2000F
M
Israel
Groundnuts, with shell
256461673716123
Italy
Groundnuts, with shell

M
M
M
Jamaica
Groundnuts, with shell
37282825
M
Japan
Groundnuts, with shell
188001940020300
Jordan
Groundnuts, with shell
0F 0F
M
Kazakhstan
Groundnuts, with shell
82179300*
Kenya
Groundnuts, with shell
21000F 21000F
M
Kyrgyzstan
Groundnuts, with shell
306283427
Lao People's Democratic Republic
Groundnuts, with shell
3507032690
M
Lebanon
Groundnuts, with shell
7000F 7000F
M
Liberia
Groundnuts, with shell
5300F 5400F
M
Libyan Arab Jamahiriya
Groundnuts, with shell
23000* 23000* 23000F
Madagascar
Groundnuts, with shell
42000F 42000F
M
Malawi
Groundnuts, with shell
261810243215
M
Malaysia
Groundnuts, with shell
823706780
Mali
Groundnuts, with shell
324187325000F 334698
Mauritania
Groundnuts, with shell
800* 800* 800F
Mauritius
Groundnuts, with shell
290320587
Mexico
Groundnuts, with shell
8280980735
M
Morocco
Groundnuts, with shell
496104101030000*
Mozambique
Groundnuts, with shell
10293294454
M
Myanmar
Groundnuts, with shell
1000000* 1000000F
M
Namibia
Groundnuts, with shell
350F 300F
M
Nicaragua
Groundnuts, with shell
156750* 139266
M
Niger
Groundnuts, with shell
147676307776*
M
Nigeria
Groundnuts, with shell
3835600F 3900000F
M
Occupied Palestinian Territory
Groundnuts, with shell
20F 20F
M
Pakistan
Groundnuts, with shell
8340085500
M
Papua New Guinea
Groundnuts, with shell
1200F 1200F
M
Paraguay
Groundnuts, with shell
360002998822590
Peru
Groundnuts, with shell
671565418926
Philippines
Groundnuts, with shell
312053024730978
Portugal
Groundnuts, with shell
30F 30F
M
Republic of Korea
Groundnuts, with shell
69607459
M
Réunion
Groundnuts, with shell
600F 600F
M
Rwanda
Groundnuts, with shell
10000F 11472
M
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Groundnuts, with shell
60F 42
M
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Groundnuts, with shell
330F 330F
M
Saudi Arabia
Groundnuts, with shell
4000F 4000F
M
Senegal
Groundnuts, with shell
3311957312101032651
Sierra Leone
Groundnuts, with shell
115000F 115000F
M
Somalia
Groundnuts, with shell
5500F 5500F
M
South Africa
Groundnuts, with shell
580008880099500
Spain
Groundnuts, with shell
75F 75F
M
Sri Lanka
Groundnuts, with shell
98401025013070
Sudan
Groundnuts, with shell
564000716000942000
Suriname
Groundnuts, with shell
6417
M
Swaziland
Groundnuts, with shell
4100F 4100F
M
Syrian Arab Republic
Groundnuts, with shell
223801877014574
Tajikistan
Groundnuts, with shell
153913421300F
Thailand
Groundnuts, with shell
114000* 114000F
M
Timor-Leste
Groundnuts, with shell
4000F 4000F
M
Togo
Groundnuts, with shell
3595041428
M
Tonga
Groundnuts, with shell
850F 850F
M
Turkey
Groundnuts, with shell
864098527490081
Uganda
Groundnuts, with shell
165000173000185000
United Republic of Tanzania
Groundnuts, with shell
300000F 300000F
M
United States of America
Groundnuts, with shell
169672823416301673010
Uruguay
Groundnuts, with shell
1200F 1200F
M
Uzbekistan
Groundnuts, with shell
7000* 7000*
M
Vanuatu
Groundnuts, with shell
2550F 2550F
M
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
Groundnuts, with shell
10941326
M
Viet Nam
Groundnuts, with shell
510000533800
M
Zambia
Groundnuts, with shell
60000* 70527* 120564*
Zimbabwe
Groundnuts, with shell
12500078600*
M
World + (Total)
Groundnuts, with shell
37681274A 38216299A 35520257A

Sources: FAO.org , CIA.gov , USDA.gov , alibaba.com  and many, many others

 

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