Sunday, January 2, 2011

Wheat, Trigo, Triticum Spp

Wheat is one of the first domesticated grains and is known to be grown since 9000 BC.  Right now it is grown commercially in 124 countries. Even  countries with expensive land and labor like Malta ,Luxembourg or Switzerland find some room to grow some wheat.
Pretty much all   world's history , starting from the first Sumerian wheat exports, was going around  wheat, many wars were fought  and millions of people had died to secure tillable land and trade routes. Now  wheat is a part of many  national anthems, coat of arms, and flag colors.
Worldwide, 681 915 838  tons of wheat were produced in 2009 and only 650 881 002  tons in 2010 .  That is about 15 quadrillions of individual  wheat berries, provided by  about 500 trillions  of individual plants.
Biggest  wheat producer in the world is China with 115 180 303 tons in 2010, with a strong growth of 1%  or so since 2008. Unconfirmed rumors are that 2011's production fell by 500 000 tons and that  producing wheat in China costs $9 a bushel, so  they basically  produce it just to bankrupt  American, Canadian, Argentinian , Australian and Russian, Ukrainian  farmers. China also buys infinite amounts of agricultural land anywhere it can.
Biggest producer per capita is Australia, the crop would of 2010 would  be enough to give  more than 1028 kg , or over 40 bushels of wheat  to each Australian . That's enough to last  over 4 years and 11 months at 2000 calories a day.  Over 28.58% of all Australian arable land was used for wheat in 2010.
In the United States, biggest producer of wheat (  combined  winter wheat, durum wheat and spring wheat) is North Dakota ( 2011 ) , which bested Kansas by 5 million bushels in 2011.   Kansas used to be the wheat capital of  USA  up to 2010  with it's peak production at 500 million bushels in 1997.  In 2009, Kansas produced 369.6 million bushels ( about 5.5% of all acreage  had to be abandoned)  , in 2010, 360 million and in 2011,  only 273 million bushels of wheat.
On per capita basis, North Dakota is  producing  413.5 bushels of wheat  per year ( 2011 ) that is 24800 pounds , or  11.12  tons of wheat. A North Dakotan could have a pound of bread  per day for 101 years with just a crop of 2011, if they kept it to themselves.
Worldwide , 100.13 kilograms of wheat were available to a potential consumer. That's enough for  over 178.2 days at 2000 calories a day, and there is enough protein to supply  everyone with 257  days worth at 50 grams per day.  Basically there  are less than 10 ounces,  or 274 grams of whole grain  wheat  for every  day of the year, for every human on earth , which would make  up to 411 grams of bread .  However this number includes also a lower-quality wheat which is commonly  used as fodder.
Update for 2010 -- increased population and reduced production resulted in about 5.4 kg loss of available wheat, 94.7 kg  of wheat were ready  for a potential consumer.

14.32% of all arable land in the world was used for wheat production in 2009. This number decreased by about 2-2.5 % in 2010.

3 362 872 625 people could be fed year-round at 2000 calories a day with that crop of wheat. That's enough to feed all China, India, USA, Indonesia, Brazil and Philippines. There is enough protein for  over 5.2 billion people.

225 437 694 hectares were used to produce wheat in 2009, a territory bigger than Greenland and Serbia combined. Just take a look at that giant piece of land on the world atlas! That   (wheat acreage) is nothing less but 14.32% of all arable land in the world. Wheat is ruling over 1.5% of all  land on Earth.

If we could make a cube out of the 2009's wheat, it would be 961 meters, or over 3200 feet tall.

If you had to wait  for a train with 2009's wheat to pass  at 50 miles/ 80km per hour, you'd be waiting over 167 hours.
If you could line all wheat berries in  up one line, it would be  more than 17 times longer than the orbit of Neptune, the farthest  planet from Sun, and  the Light itself would need  almost 3 days  to travel from one end to another.

The crop of 2009 ( at current prices- 02/11) is about $ 260-270 billion worth.

Best crop ever was collected in 2008, it was 1.49 million tonnes more than  one of 2009.
Worst crop since 1961 was in 1961, 222 357 231 tonnes.

Best worldwide yield was in 2008 (3067.9 kg/ha), worst, since 1961--1088.8 kg/ha (1961)
Record yield belongs to Ireland , 9453.8 kg/ha  (2000)

Land usage since 1961 grew  by 10.4%. Seed usage since 1961 grew by  27%  (32m.t vs 25.2 mln t)
Sources: FAO.org, USDA.gov, CIA.gov, alibaba.com, many others. Koring  Пшеница
List of all articles on Iron Rye you can find here:
http://ironrye.blogspot.com/2011/10/list-of-all-articles-at-iron-rye.html



Production (tonnes)
  year
country

item200820092010
Afghanistan
Wheat
2623000 5064000 4532000
Albania
Wheat
335000 333100 294900
Algeria
Wheat
1111030 2953120 3100000*
Angola
Wheat
4400F 5000F 5000Im
Argentina
Wheat
8508160 8851180 14914500
Armenia
Wheat
236434 206505 183500
Australia
Wheat
21420200 21656000 22138000
Austria
Wheat
1689690 1523370 1517810
Azerbaijan
Wheat
1645790 2096200 1272340
Bangladesh
Wheat
844000 849046 901490
Belarus
Wheat
2045240 1979000 1740450
Belgium
Wheat
1850410 1909770 1849580
Bhutan
Wheat
5828 4481 4500Im
Bolivia (Plurinational State of)
Wheat
199990 239367 310700Im
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Wheat
240533 255848 145412
Botswana
Wheat
104   0F
Brazil
Wheat
6027130 5055530 6036790
Bulgaria
Wheat
4632210 3976850 3994900
Burundi
Wheat
8094 8583 9034
Cameroon
Wheat
674Im883Im900F
Canada
Wheat
28611100 26847600 23166800
Chad
Wheat
8100 10613Im8200Im
Chile
Wheat
1237690 1145290 1523920
China
Wheat
112456292 115115364 115180303
Colombia
Wheat
39191 24349 15780
Croatia
Wheat
858333 936076 681017
Cyprus
Wheat
2472 14690 14843
Czech Republic
Wheat
4631500 4358070 4161600
Democratic People's Republic of Korea
Wheat
175000* 169000* 160000*
Democratic Republic of the Congo
Wheat
8740 8790 8841
Denmark
Wheat
5018700 5940400 5059900
Ecuador
Wheat
8144 11314 7605
Egypt
Wheat
7977050 8523000 7177400
Eritrea
Wheat
5391 26142 27300Im
Estonia
Wheat
342500 342520 324400
Ethiopia
Wheat
2463060 3075640* 3000000*
Finland
Wheat
787500 887000 724400
France
Wheat
39006400 38332200 38207000
Georgia
Wheat
80300 53900 48400
Germany
Wheat
25988600 25192400 24106700
Greece
Wheat
1939300 1830000 1600000*
Guatemala
Wheat
8571Im9000P 11700Im
Honduras
Wheat
1048Im1127Im1000Im
Hungary
Wheat
5630830 4419160 3763680
India
Wheat
78570200 80680000 80710000
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Wheat
7956650 13484500 15028800
Iraq
Wheat
1255000 1700400 2748840
Ireland
Wheat
993000 690000 669000
Israel
Wheat
75734 132963 112324
Italy
Wheat
8855440 6341000 6900000*
Japan
Wheat
881200 674200 571300
Jordan
Wheat
7835 12484 22125
Kazakhstan
Wheat
12538200 17052000 9638400
Kenya
Wheat
336688 219301 511994
Kuwait
Wheat
260 350Im320Im
Kyrgyzstan
Wheat
746200 1056660 813300
Latvia
Wheat
989600 1036400 973000
Lebanon
Wheat
143700 153000F 138100Im
Lesotho
Wheat
3720 7420 20119
Libya
Wheat
104000 105000F 106000F
Lithuania
Wheat
1722500 2100200 1708200
Luxembourg
Wheat
97760 90903 83474
Madagascar
Wheat
10000P 11861Im12500Im
Malawi
Wheat
2386 2590 2700Im
Mali
Wheat
13116 15132 23788
Malta
Wheat
14000F 14000F 13100Im
Mauritania
Wheat
4000 3414 2413
Mexico
Wheat
4019400 4116160 3676710
Mongolia
Wheat
209830 388122 345458
Montenegro
Wheat
2856 3044 2465
Morocco
Wheat
3769450 6371430 4876140
Mozambique
Wheat
2550F 2575F 2600F
Myanmar
Wheat
170000 179000 181900Im
Namibia
Wheat
14581 12448 12500F
Nepal
Wheat
1572070 1343860 1556540
Netherlands
Wheat
1366160 1402040 1369550
New Caledonia
Wheat
13Im8Im10Im
New Zealand
Wheat
343350 403464 444891
Niger
Wheat
8775 8600F 8700F
Nigeria
Wheat
53000 36813Im34200Im
Norway
Wheat
453300 278000 293000
Occupied Palestinian Territory
Wheat
31826 30000F 27100Im
Oman
Wheat
1070 2000 2000
Pakistan
Wheat
20958800 24033000 23310800
Paraguay
Wheat
799632 1066800 1401990
Peru
Wheat
206936 226265 219454
Poland
Wheat
9274920 9789590 9487800
Portugal
Wheat
203300 110200 111700Im
Qatar
Wheat
30 32F 30Im
Republic of Korea
Wheat
10359 18782 39116
Republic of Moldova
Wheat
1286330 736660 744160
Romania
Wheat
7180980 5202530 5811810
Russian Federation
Wheat
63765100 61739800 41507600
Rwanda
Wheat
67869 72430 77193
Saudi Arabia
Wheat
1985560 1152450 1300000*
Serbia
Wheat
2095400 2067560 1630400
Slovakia
Wheat
1819480 1537910 1227800
Slovenia
Wheat
160297 136904 153481
Somalia
Wheat
1000F 950F 990Im
South Africa
Wheat
2130000 1958000 1464970
Spain
Wheat
6714300 4723900 5610700
Sudan
Wheat
587000 641695 403000
Swaziland
Wheat
363Im420F 450F
Sweden
Wheat
2202200 2284000 2184400
Switzerland
Wheat
548097 549431 523562
Syrian Arab Republic
Wheat
2139300 3701780 3083100
Tajikistan
Wheat
659096 938435 857545
Thailand
Wheat
1076Im1081Im1100Im
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
Wheat
291719 271117 243137
Tunisia
Wheat
919000 1653600 822100
Turkey
Wheat
17782000 20600000 19660000
Turkmenistan
Wheat
2317070Im2957940Im3000000F
Uganda
Wheat
19000 20000 21500F
Ukraine
Wheat
25885400 20886400 16851300
United Arab Emirates
Wheat
30 45F 40Im
United Kingdom
Wheat
17227000 14076000 14878000
United Republic of Tanzania
Wheat
92400 95000 62130
United States of America
Wheat
68016100 60365700 60102600
Uruguay
Wheat
1356600 1844420 1300700
Uzbekistan
Wheat
6146500 6637700 6730400
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
Wheat
226 230F 300Im
Yemen
Wheat
170446 222129 265432
Zambia
Wheat
113242 195456 172256
Zimbabwe
Wheat
31000 40000F 41800Im
World + (Total)
Wheat
683218307A 686959162A 650881002A

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